# Placeholders

The words Kapi fills in when a person opens a course: the company's name, its contacts and the learner's first name.

Words can hold placeholders in braces. Kapi fills them in from the company's settings when a person opens the course. Declare each one in `context` in `kapi-works.json`: `"required"` when the course needs it, `"optional"` when it works without it.

| Placeholder | Declare in `context` | What Kapi fills in |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `{company.name}` | `company.name` | The company's name, for {company.name}. |
| `{learner.firstName}` | `learner.firstName` | The person's first name, for {learner.firstName}, where the company switches it on. |
| `{contacts.<key>.name}`, `{contacts.<key>.email}`, `{contacts.<key>.phone}`, `{contacts.<key>.url}` | `contacts.<key>` | A contact the company fills in, such as contacts.it-help, for {contacts.it-help.name}, .email, .phone and .url. |

A `contact` block shows a whole contact, by its key. Where the company hasn't filled in an optional contact, the page shows `common.contact-missing.<key>` from the words file instead.

## Context without a placeholder

Kapi gives a course these too. Words can't name them.

| Key | What it is |
| --- | --- |
| `door` | Which door the person learns through: employee, partner or customer. |
| `role` | The person's role, one of roles. |

## What Kapi checks

| Check | Severity | What Kapi says |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [`placeholder_unknown`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/placeholder-unknown) | Error | … isn't a placeholder Kapi fills. Use {company.name}, {contacts.\<key\>.name}, .email, .phone, .url or {learner.firstName}. |
| [`placeholder_undeclared`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/placeholder-undeclared) | Error | These words use a placeholder, but kapi-works.json doesn't declare … in context. |
| [`placeholder_in_link`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/placeholder-in-link) | Error | A link address can't hold a placeholder. Kapi checks every address before a learner opens it. |
| [`first_name_twin_missing`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/first-name-twin-missing) | Error | These words use {learner.firstName}, so they need a twin, …, for people whose first name isn't given. |
| [`contact_missing_word`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/contact-missing-word) | Error | This contact is optional, so write … for companies that haven't filled it in. |
| [`context_not_allowed`](https://docs.kapiworks.com/build/reference/checks/context-not-allowed) | Error | … can't be required for customers. Kapi never gives it in a customer door. |